Electrophilic Addition to Alkynes
Addition of Bromine and Chlorine to Alkynes
The reagent for this reaction is 1mol Br2 or Cl2
Product: Turn triple bond into a double bond and add two bromines or chlorines, one on each carbon on the double bond.
If the reagent is 2 moles of Br2 or Cl2
Product: Turn triple bond into single and add four bromines or chlorines, two on each carbon from the triple bond.
Addition of Hydrogen Halides to Alkynes
The reagent for this reaction is 2HX where X is Cl, Br or I
Product: Turn triple bond into a single bond and add two halogens, both on the most substituted carbon from the triple bond.
Hydration of Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones
Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkynes
The reagent for this reaction is 1.BH3 or (Sia)2BH 2. H2O2, NaOH
Product: Turn triple bond into a single bond and add =O to the LEAST submitted carbon from the triple bond. If there is no least substituted carbon, then add to either carbon.
Acid-catalyzed Hydration of Alkynes
The reagent for this reaction is H2O, H2SO4, HgSO4
Product: Turn triple bond into a single bond and add =O to the most substituted carbon from the triple bond.
Reduction of alkynes
Catalytic Reduction of Alkynes
The reagent for this reaction is 2 H2 with Pd, Pt or Ni
Product: Turn triple bond into a single bond by adding four hydrogens one on each carbon from the triple bond.
Lindlar Catalyst
The reagent for this reaction is H2 with Lindlar's catalyst
Product: Turn triple bond into a CIS double bond.
Alkynes with 2Na NH3(l)
The reagent for this reaction is 2 Na NH3(l)
Product: Turn triple bond into a TRANS double bond
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