The equation below represents the reaction between ammonia and hydrogen chloride.

NY Regents Chemistry Exam Jan 2023

The equation below represents the reaction between ammonia and hydrogen chloride.

55. Explain, in terms of distribution of charge, why a molecule of compound 1 is polar. [1]

Answer: Compound 1 is a polar molecule because the charged is distributed asymmetrically.

56. Draw a Lewis electron-dot diagram for a molecule of compound 2. [1]

Answer: The lewis electron-dot diagram for compound 2 is:

HCl lewis dot structure

57. Identify the two types of chemical bonds in the product of this reaction. [1]

Answer: The two types of chemical bonds in the products are covalent and ionic bonds.

PS: In ionic bonds, electrons are transferred, the bond between NH4+ and Cl- is an ionic bond. For covalent bonds, electrons are shared. Covalent bonds are between two nonmetals ( on the right side of the staircase in the Periodic Table). The bonds between hydrogens and nitrogen inside NH4 are covalent bonds.